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Go to Editorial Managerthetic socket, is due to its fiber strength and hardness, and low cost, but there are other more important things which must be considered than these specifications which are1the health1and safety. In this research fiberglass is replaced with monofilament fiber in order to be safe to on makers and users of this socket. In this paper two models of lamination manufacturing have been made and compared in terms of mechanical properties and fatigue life. The first is available and consists of: (4 perlon, 2 fiberglass and 4 perlon), The second is proposed lamination which consists of: (4 perlon, 1 cotton, 1 monofilament and 4 perlon). Simulations were conducted on the made socket made of two types of lamination by using ANSYS 14.5 to show the distribution of stresses, the amount of deformation and less safety factor for both cases. The results show an increase of 42% in the Young's modulus and a decrease in tensile stress and yield stress by 10.8% and 46% respectivel, As for the stress endurance it witnessed an increase of 140%.The simulation results show a decrease in the deformation by 40.7% and an increase in the minimum value of the safety factor of 0.323 to 1.05.
The research focuses on studying the effect of microwave energy as an alternative heating method on dyeing and printing pretreatments of cotton fabrics. In this research, a microwave oven was used to heat the solutions which used in de-sizing, scouring, bleaching and mercerizing processes at different energy levels. The results showed the importance of this heating method in improving desizing efficiency where the best result was obtained at 180 W and 24 min and this method was beneficial in saving energy and time. The best result in scouring was obtained at 720 watts and 24 minutes, whereas at 720 watts and 20 minutes was the best result in bleaching. We can save energy, time and chemicals compared with the conventional method. The mercerizing by microwave increased the absorption of dye solutions for the samples compared with the traditional method, where the color strength increased by increasing the treatment time and the level of energy in the microwave and the best result was obtained at 900 watts and 90 seconds.
Zinc oxide nano particles is one of the best choices for ultraviolet protection due to its special properties. In this research, the UV-protection ability of sol gel-derived thin ZnO films on cotton fabrics was investigated. Various polymers have been used as adhesives to bind the nano-oxide with the surface of the treated fabric. Scanning electron microscopy and UV spectroscopy were carried out to study the properties of the treated fabrics. The results showed that the diameters of the synthesis zinc oxide particles - (68.81, 41.76 and 44.6 nm) with (PVA, PVP and CMC) respectively- were of the nanostructure, and the smallest diameter of the particles was produced with polyvinylpyrrolidone as adhesive. Using a spectrophotometer showed a decrease in the transmittance of the studied samples compared with the raw untreated sample of about 23%.