Vol. 29 No. 2 (2026) Cover Image
Vol. 29 No. 2 (2026)

Published: June 20, 2026

Pages: 313-318

Articles

Analysis of Free Vibration Features in FGM Plates

Sanaa Samir 1 Haneen Alaa Abdel-Hade 1 Dalia J. Al ibadi 1 Wasan Mahmood Ahmed 1 Engin Sansarci 2
1 Dept. of Refrigeration &Air Conditioning Technical Engineering, Dijlah University College, Baghdad - Iraq
2 Beykoz University, Istanbul- Turkey
History
  • Received: September 21, 2025
  • Revised: October 29, 2025
  • Accepted: April 6, 2026
  • Available Online: June 20, 2026
DOI

https://doi.org/10.29194/NJES.29020313

Abstract

Functionally graded materials (FGM) are a category of composite materials distinguished by specific design attributes that allow them to serve various purposes and applications. This study used FGM samples made from carbon particles and a polyester matrix to manufacture micro-shapes and study the changes in vibration characteristics at different parameters. The manufactured samples contained different weight percentages, ranging from 0% to 20%, and a subsequent step involved manufacturing two different grades of FGM samples: one consisting of five layers and the other of eleven layers. The free vibration characteristics of the FGM structure were determined experimentally and numerically. The effect of varying several parameters on the natural frequency was monitored, including the number of FGM layers, thickness, and gradient coefficient. The Ansys Workbench (version 2022 R1) was used to analyze free vibration to verify the experimental results. Vibration testing of square FGM panels showed that the natural frequency increased with the number of layers. Improving the thickness of the panels also resulted in increased natural frequency values, when changing the thickness from 5mm to 10mm increases the natural frequency by an amount of 173.34 Hz at 11 layers. Model analysis using finite element analysis (FEA) tools confirmed the validity of the experimental solution, with a maximum discrepancy of 9.72%. Based on numerical calculations, the natural frequency coefficient decreased with increasing power law index under different boundary conditions and increased with increasing number of constraints in the sample.

Keywords

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