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Go to Editorial ManagerThe aim of this study is to evaluate the sediment transport and to assess the quality of water for a reach of Euphrates River with a length of (124.4 km), begins from downstream of Haditha dam which represents the upstream of study, and ends at Heet station in Heet city which represents the downstream. There are 196 cross-sections which were distributed along the study area by using the model of one-dimensional HEC-RAS version 4.1. Calibration and Verification processes from(01-Sep-2013) to (30-Nov2013) and (01-DEC-2013) to (28-FEB-2014) respectively, show that the optimal Manning Roughness Coefficient (n) is equal to (0.033) which gives the less error ratio between the observed and calculated water surface elevations. By comparing the results of sediment transport “mass accumulated” for this study which equal to (237.38ton/day) was larger than the value of the previous study which equal to (165ton/day, measured in 2010). But the value of sediment load of this study at Heet station was equal to (551.76 ton/day) which was less than the value of previous study (189.041×103 ton/day,measured in 1988), due to increasing in the rates ofdischarge that was arrived the reach of study area.
The Unified Power Flow Controller (UPFC) is a most complex power electronic device, which can simultaneously control a local bus voltage and optimize power flows in the electrical power transmission system. This paper presents the effect of installing the UPFC on the Iraqi (400 kV) grid transmission system to control the active and reactive power flow by choosing the optimal location and parameters of Unified Power Flow Controllers (UPFCs), which were specified based on the Genetic Algorithm (GA) optimization method. The objectives are improving voltage profile, reducing power losses, treating power flow in overloaded transmission lines, and reducing power generation. The steady state model of UPFC has been adopted on (400 kV) Iraq transmission lines and simulated using the MATLAB programming language. The Newton-Raphson (NR) numerical analysis method has been used for solving the load flow of the system. The practical part has been solved through Power System Simulation for Engineers (PSS\E) software Version 32.0. The Comparative results between the experimental and practical parts obtained from adopting the UPFC were too close and almost the same under different loading conditions, which are (5%, 10%, 15% and 20%) of the total load.