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Go to Editorial ManagerIn this study sunlight and UV radiation were used to compare the efficiency of decolorization of textile wastewater containing brilliant reactive red dye K-2BP (?max = 534 nm) by the advanced oxidation process (AOP) using (H2O2/sunlight, H2O2/UV, H2O2/TiO2/sunlight, and H2O2/TiO2/UV). The results studied the effect of solution pH, applied H2O2 concentration, TiO2 concentration (nanoparticle), and initial dye concentration were studied. The experimental results showed that decolorization percentage with H2O2/sunlight and TiO2/H2O2/sunlight under the following conditions: - reaction time 150 of minutes, [ 500 ppm] H2O2, [100 ppm] TiO2, pH=3, initial dye concentration =15 ppm and at ambient temperature were 95.7% and 98.42% respectively. For the same conditions using H2O2/UV, H2O2/TiO2 /UV, the percentage of decolorization were 97.85% and 96.33% respectively. The results also indicated that the sunlight is more economic and cost-effective than UV radiation.
Graphene is two Dimension-carbon based nanomaterial, and unique properties of the graphene made it interest to researchers. The objective of this work was to address the need for low-cost, efficient graphene preparation; the electrochemical exfoliation process and photosynthesis of the exfoliated solution were used. In this study, the exfoliated graphite mixture. The exfoliated graphite (Gr2, Gr3, Gr4) (0.08, 0.1, 0.2 M NaCl, respectively) was dried by sunlight and investigated; the results confirmed of multilayer graphene by Raman, UV–Vis, FESEM/EDS, grain size 4–9 µm) . Behavior of UV analysis related with number of single and multilayer of graphene depends on conjugative effect that arises from nanometer-scale sp2 clusters, and chromophore units as well as functional groups, also oxygen clusters may be removed and disappear the shoulder. FTIR peaks confirmed peeling off graphene layers. One of the most important reactions is the incorporation of Cl atoms into unsaturated sites. Grain size increased with increasing voltage, while it decreased in (0.2 M) NaCl. FESEM showed a smooth, crimped surface. EDS analysis showed a C/O ratio of (7.6, 4.6, 1.26), with Cl and Na observed in rinsed Gr3. D, G, and 2D peaks were displayed by Raman spectroscopy. In this study, it was concluded that NaCl-assisted exfoliation is a simple and low-cost route.
The efficiency of the solar PV panel decreases significantly as the PV panel’s operating temperature increases. There are many cooling techniques might be suitably deal with this problem to enhance the solar panel efficiency. The presented cooling technique used for solving the PV panel’s temperature elevation is an active close loop cooling system, accomplished using two water glazing chambers made from acrylic glass placed at the PV panel surfaces (rear and front). These champers are utilized for cooling down the PV cell’s temperature, as well as filtering the useful sunlight spectrum. The results show that the PV cell’s temperature reduction by 50.06% with using the cooling system, this leads to an average increase in the maximum output power and consequently electrical efficiency of the PV panel by about 12.69% and 14.2%, respectively.