Vol. 20 No. 3 (2017) Cover Image
Vol. 20 No. 3 (2017)

Published: June 30, 2017

Pages: 666-672

Articles

Determination of Mass Transfer Coefficient for Copper Electrodeposition by Limiting Current Technique.

Marwa H. Ibrahim 1 Sarmad T. Najim 1
1 Chemical Eng. Dep. Al-Nahrain University
History
  • Received: February 28, 2017
  • Available Online: June 14, 2017

Abstract

An experimental study was conducted to investigate the mass transport behavior for electrochemical reduction of copper in the presence of 0.5M H2SO4 as supporting electrolyte by limiting current technique (LCT). The experiments were carried out via rotating cylinder electrode made of copper as cathode. The effects of various operating conditions: rotation rates 100, 200, 300, 400, and 500rpm, electrolyte temperatures 30, 45, and 60?, and cupric ions concentration 250, 500, and 750 ppm on mass transfer rate were studied. It was observed that mass transfer coefficient based mainly on rotation rates, then temperature and finally cupric ions concentration. The electrodeposition of cupric ions was proved to be a mass control. The mass transfer coefficient for rotating cylinder electrode was correlated with the aid of dimensionless groups as follows:Sh = 0.236 Re0.664 Sc0.356And the above correlation is a good agreement with eisenberg equation.

Keywords

References

  1. Kowalska, S., Lukomska, A., Los, P., Chrieelewski, T., and Woniak, B., (2015), “Potential-Controlled Electrolysis an effective method of selective sliver electrowinning from complex matrix leaching solutions of copper concentrate”, Int. J. Electrochem. Sci., Vol. 10, pp. 1186-1198.
  2. Jha, M.K., Kumara, A., Panda, R., Kumar, J.R., Yoo, K., Lee, J.Y., (2016), “Review on hydrometallurgical recovery of rare earth metals”, hydrometallurgy, Vol. 161, pp. 77-101.
  3. Walsh, F.C., (2001), “Electrochemical technology for environmental treatment and clean energy conversion”, IUPAC, Pure Appl. Chem., Vol. 3, No. 12, pp. 1819-1837.
  4. Francisco, A.J., Francisco, C.V., Martin, C.R., Eligio, R.P., and Gonzalez, I., (2012) “Scale up of Rotating cylinder electrode electrochemical reactor for Cu(II) recovery: Experimental and simulation in turbulent region”, Electrochimica Acta, Vol. 77, pp. 262-271.
  5. Bard, A.J. and Stratmann, M., (2007), ""Encyclopedia of electrochemistry”, Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. Weinheim, Vol. 5.
  6. Desjardius, A., (2007), “The price of copper”, B.Sc. Thesis, Queen's university, Canada.
  7. Chen, M., Huang, J., Ogunseitan, O., Zhu, N., and Wang, Y., (2015), “Comparative study on copper leaching from waste printed circuit boards by typical ionic liquid acids”, Waste Mangement, Vol. 41, pp. 142-147.
  8. IMRE-Lucaci, I.F., Popescu, L.C. and ILEU, I.P., (2011), “Electrochemical methods for recover of copper from waste waters and solid wastes”, Ph.D. Thesis, Babes-Balyai university.
  9. Soliman, H. and Ahmed, A. A., (2011), “Electrowinning of copper using Rotating Cylinder Electrode utilizing lead anode”, Engineering, Vol. 3, pp. 340-358.
  10. Cifuentes, L. and Ortiz, R.,(2005), “Electrowinning of copper in a Lab-scale squirrel-cage cell with anion membrane”, AIChE Journal.
  11. Lossin A., (2002), copper, Volume 10 of ulmann's Encyclopedia of industrial chemistry, Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH.
  12. Allen J. Bard and Larry F.R., (2001), “Electrochemical Methods, Fundamentals and Applications”, John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
  13. Ntengwe, F.W., (2008) “The Effect of Impurities, Smootheners and other Factors on the recovery of copper from solutions”, M.Sc. Thesis, South Africa University.
  14. Wiebe, S., (2015), “Modeling and Fault Detection of an industrial copper electrowinning process”, M.Sc. Thesis, Laurentian University.
  15. Najim S.T., (2016), “Estimation of Mass Transfer Coefficient for Copper Electrowinning Process”, Journal of Engineering, Vol. 22, No. 4, pp. 158-168.
  16. Gavin, R.W., Ayssar, N.H., Bond, P., Jens, F.M. and Walsh, F.C., (2004), “Removel of cupric ions from Acidic Sulfate solution using reticulated vitreous carbon rotating cylinder electrodes”, J. Chem Technol Biotechnol, Vol. 79, pp. 935-945.
  17. Treybal, R.E., (1980), “Mass- Transfer Operations”, 3rd Edition, Mc Graw –Hill, Inc.
  18. Pickett D.J., (1979), “Electrochemical Reactor Design”, 2nd Edition, Elsevier, North- Holland Inc.
  19. Mizushina T., Irvine T.F. , Jr. & Hatnett J.P., (1971), “Advances in Heat Transfer”, Academic press Inc., Vol.7.
  20. Grau J.M. and Bisang J.M., (2011), “Mass Transfer Studies at rotating cylinder electrodes with turbulence promoters” Chemical Engineering and processing, Vol. 50, pp. 940-943, (2011).
  21. Abdel Rahman H.H., Moustafa A.H.E. and Abdel Majid S.M.K., (2012), “High rate copper electrodeposition in the presence of inorganic salts”, Int. J. Electrochem. Sci., Vol. 7, pp. 6959-6975.
  22. Felix, N. W., Mazna, N., and Samadi, F., (2010), “The effect of impurities and other factors on the current density in Electrochemical Reactor”, International Journal of Chem Tech Research, Vol. 2, No. 2, pp. 1289-1300.
  23. Shen, C., Afacan, A., Luo, J., and Klimas, S.J., (2014), “Mass Transfer of Dissolved oxygen using rotating cylinder electrode under bulk boiling condition”, International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol. 70, pp. 162-168.
  24. Theordore, L., and Ricci, F., (2010), “Mass Transfer Operations For the practicing Engineering”, John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
  25. Najim S.T., Slaiman Q.J.M., and Sadeq A.A., (2012), “Estimation of The Optimum Bed Thickness of a Flow Through Porous Electrode (FTPE) Working Under Mass Transfer Control”, Journal of Engineering, Vol. 18, No. 4, pp. 485-498.
  26. Cesimiro P.F., “Copper electrodeposition in the presence of guar or activated polacrlamide”, Ph.D. Thesis, department of chemical engineering, James cook university, (2005).
  27. Poulson, B., and Robinson, D., (1986), Corros. Sci, Vol. 26, pp. 265.