Vol. 28 No. 3 (2025) Cover Image
Vol. 28 No. 3 (2025)

Published: September 30, 2025

Pages: 442-450

Articles

Utilizing Sustainable Recycled Thermoplastic Polymers in 3D Printing Filament

Bashar Dheyaa Hussein 1 Ghanim Sh. Sadiq 1
1 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad, Iraq.
History
  • Received: November 10, 2024
  • Revised: December 26, 2024
  • Accepted: March 8, 2025
  • Available Online: September 29, 2025
DOI

https://doi.org/10.29194/NJES.28030442

Abstract

Over the last several years, additive manufacturing (AM), sometimes known as "3D printing", has seen remarkable expansion due to mechatronics and materials science advancements. Fused filament deposition (FDM) production is the predominant technology in additive manufacturing (AM) because of its cost-effectiveness in operational and material expenses. Nevertheless, the materials often used for this technique are pristine thermoplastics. Unsuccessful printing and throwaway prototypes generate a significant quantity of trash. Utilizing green and sustainable products is crucial to minimize the environmental effects. Recycled, bio-based, and mixed recycled materials provide a promising solution for 3D printing. The absence of comprehension about the interlayer adhesion process and material degradation in FDM printing has presented a significant obstacle for these environmentally friendly materials. This study comprehensively examines many materials used for FDM three-dimensional printing filaments, including recycled, bio-based, and mixed materials. The merits and drawbacks of thermoplastics and their composites were deliberated over. This evaluation is a comprehensive guide for engineers and researchers in selecting appropriate materials for three-dimensional printing. Three-dimensional printed objects have worse mechanical characteristics in comparison to injection molded materials.

Keywords

References

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